Teradata Tutorial: Learn Basics for Beginners

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What is Teradata?

Teradata is massively parallel open processing system for developing large-scale data warehousing applications. Teradata is an open system. It can run on Unix/Linux/Windows server platform. This tool provides support to multiple data warehouse operations at the same time to different clients.

Teradata Corporation is an American IT firm. It is a vendor of analytic data platforms, application, and other related services. The firm develops a product to consolidate data from the various source and make the data available for analysis.

In this training, you will learn-

History of Teradata:

Teradata was a division of NCR Corporation. It incorporated in 1979 but parted away from NCR in October 2007. Michael Koehler became the first CEO of Teradata.

Milestones of Teradata Corporation:

1979 - Teradata was incorporated

1984 - Release of first database computer DBC/1012

1986 - Fortune magazine declared Teradata as 'Product of the Year'

1999 - Largest database built using Teradata with 130 Terabytes

2002 - Teradata V2R5 version release with compression and Partition Primary

2006 - Launch of Teradata Master Data Management solution

2008 - Teradata 13.0 released with Active Data Warehousing

2011 - Acquires Teradata Aster and plunges into the Advanced Analytics Space

2012 - Teradata 14.0 introduced

2014 - Teradata 15.0 introduced

2015- Teradata Buys Apps Marketing Platform Appoxee

2016- Terada join hands with Big data

2017- Teradata Acquires San Diego's StackIQ

Why Teradata?

  • Teradata offers a full suite of service which focuses on Data Warehousing
  • The system is built on open architecture. So whenever any faster devices are made available, it can be incorporated into the already build architecture.
  • Teradata supports 50+ petabytes of data.
  • Single operation view for a large Teradata multi-node system using Service Workstation
  • Compatible with wide range of BI tool to fetch data.
  • It can act as a single point of control for the DBA to manage the database.
  • High performance, diverse queries, in-database analytics and sophisticated workload management
  • Teradata allows you to get the same data on multiple deployment options

Features of Teradata:

Teradata offers following powerful features:

Linear Scalability: Offers linear scalability when dealing with large volumes of data by adding nodes to increase the performance of the system.

Unlimited Parallelism: Teradata is based on MPP (Massively Parallel Processing Architecture). So, it is designed to be parallel since the beginning. It can divide a large task into smaller tasks and run them in parallel

Mature Optimizer: Teradata Optimizer can handle up to 64 joins in a query.

Low TCO: Tera data has a low total cost of ownership. It is easy to setup, maintain, and administrate.

Load & Unload utilities: Teradata provides load & unload utilities to move data into/from Teradata System.

Connectivity: This MPP system can connect to channel-attached systems like a mainframe or network-attached systems.

SQL: Teradata supports SQL to interact with the data stored in tables. It provides its extension.

Robust Utilities: Teradata provides robust utilities to import/export data from/to Teradata systems like FastExport, FastLoad, MultiLoad, and TPT.

Automatic Distribution: Teradata can distribute the data to the disks automatically with no manual intervention.

Teradata – Architecture

Teradata architecture is a Massively Parallel Processing Architecture.

Three important components of Teradata are:

  • Parsing Engine
  • BYNET
  • Access Module Processors (AMPs).

Teradata Architecture Diagram:

Storage Architecture

Parsing Engine:

The Parsing Engine parses the queries and prepares the execution plan. It manages sessions for users. It optimizes & sends a request to the users.

So, when the client executes queries for inserting records, Parsing Engine sends the records to Message Passing layer. Message passing layer or BYNET is a software and hardware component. It offers networking capability. It also retrieves the records and sends the row to the target AMP.

AMP:

AMP stands for Access Module Processor. It stores records on these disks. AMP conduct following activities:

  • Manages a portion of the database
  • Manages a portion of each table
  • Perform all the task associated with generating result set such as sort, aggregation and join
  • Perform lock and Space management

Retrieval Architecture

When the client runs queries to retrieve records, the Parsing engine sends a request to BYNET. Then BYNET sends the retrieval request to appropriate AMPs.

AMPs search their disks in parallel and recognize the required records and send to BYNET. BYNET sends the records to Parsing Engine which in turn will send to the client.

MPP vs. SMP

MPP SMP
MPP - Massively Parallel Processing. It is Computer system which is attached to many independent arithmetic units or entire microprocessors, that run in parallel. Symmetric Multi-Processing. In an SMP processing system, the CPU's share the same memory, and as a result code running in one system may affect the memory used by another.
Databases can expand by adding new CPUs. SMP databases generally use one CPU to perform database searches.
In an MPP environment, performance is improved because no resources must be shared among physical computers. The workload for a parallel job is distributed across the processors in the system.
Performance of a Massive parallel processing system is linear. However, it will increase in proportion to the number of nodes. SMP databases can run on multiple servers. However, will share another resource.

Teradata Warehouse Product Suite

Teradata offers a complete range of product suite to meet Data warehousing and ETL needs of any organization. Important Teradata products are mentioned below:

Product suite name Usage Tool links
Analytics Teradata Analytics Platform Analytics PlatformAnalytics on Hadoop (Aster)Analytics Portfolio (Aster)
Cloud High-impact hybrid cloud solutions that help any businesses Cloud, HybridCloud, Managed (Hadoop) IntelliCloud
Data Ingestion Simplify Big Data Streaming ListenerData Mover
Data Management Data management tools used for data protection and recoverability. Backup and RestoreData MoverColumnar
Database Real-time, system analysis tools for DBA for ease of monitoring and system managing. Database (Teradata)Database (Teradata Express, a Free Download)
Eco system Management Eco system tool helps you to Manage your Teradata environment. Ecosystem Manager Unity
Workload Management Workload management tools help you to keep pace with growing business and user demands. Active System Manager (TASM)Workload Management
SQL Query Engine It is a powerful SQL Engine for Hadoop and More Presto (Free Download)
Load & Unload Utilities Fast, fully parallel extract and load utilities. The only products which offer automatic check-point restart and one-step load from mainframes. Parallel Transporter (TPT) FastLoadMultiLoad
UDA enabling software This kind of tools allows Processing Across all Workload Engines. QueryGrid Listener Teradata AppCenter

Applications of Teradata:

Customer Data Management: Helps to maintain long-lasting relationships with customers.

Master Data Management: Helps to develop an environment where master data can be used, synchronized, and stored.

Finance and Performance Management: Helps organization to improve the speed and quality of financial reporting. It reduces finance infrastructure costs, and proactively manage enterprise performance.

Supply Chain Management: Improve supply chain operations which help to improved customer service, reduced cycle times, and lower inventories.

Demand Chain Management: Helps to Increase customer service levels and sales. It also helps companies to predict the demand for their store item accurately.

Difference between Teradata and other RDBMS

TERA DATA RDBMS
Architectures Follows Shared Nothing Architecture. Shared Everything and allows resource contention.
Processes MIPS [Millions of Instructions/sec KIPS [Thousands of institutions/sec]
Indexes Better Distribution and Retrieval Only offers FASI Retrieval
Parallelism Supports Un-conditional parallelism. Parallelism is conditional and unpredictable
Bulk Load Teradata allows bulk load. Allows only limited bulk load.
Scalability Linear scalability with a slope of one Scalability with diminishing returns
Database buffer A single database buffer used by all UoP's. (A unite of parallelism). A single data store accessed by all UoP's Query Controller ships functions to UoP's that own the data
Stores It stores TERA BYTES[Billions of rows] GIGA BYTES[Millions of rows]

Conclusion

  • Teradata is massively parallel open processing system for developing large-scale data warehousing applications
  • Teradata was a division of NCR Corporation. It incorporated in 1979 but parted away from NCR in October 2007
  • Teradata offers a full suite of service which focuses on Data Warehousing
  • Teradata offers linear scalability when dealing with large volumes of data by adding nodes to increase the performance of the system.
  • Three important components of Teradata are 1. Parsing Engine
  • 2.MPP 3. Access Module Processors (AMPs
  • Teradata offers a complete range of product suite to meet Data warehousing and ETL needs of any organization
  • Teradata application mainly used for Supply Chain Management, Master Data Management, Demand Chain Management, etc.

 

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