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Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of physical objects or people called "things" that are embedded with software, electronics, network, and sensors that allows these objects to collect and exchange data. The goal of IoT is to extend to internet connectivity from standard devices like computer, mobile, tablet to relatively dumb devices like a toaster.
IoT makes virtually everything "smart," by improving aspects of our life with the power of data collection, AI algorithm, and networks. The thing in IoT can also be a person with a diabetes monitor implant, an animal with tracking devices, etc. This IoT tutorial for beginners covers all the Basics of IoT.
In this IoT tutorial, we will learn various IoT concepts like IoT basics, IoT introduction, fundamentals of IoT, etc.
The entire IoT process starts with the devices themselves like smartphones, smartwatches, electronic appliances like TV, Washing Machine which helps you to communicate with the IoT platform.
Now in this IoT tutorial, we will learn about four fundamental components of an IoT system:
1) Sensors/Devices: Sensors or devices are a key component that helps you to collect live data from the surrounding environment. All this data may have various levels of complexities. It could be a simple temperature monitoring sensor, or it may be in the form of the video feed.
A device may have various types of sensors which performs multiple tasks apart from sensing. Example, A mobile phone is a device which has multiple sensors like GPS, camera but your smartphone is not able to sense these things.
2) Connectivity: All the collected data is sent to a cloud infrastructure. The sensors should be connected to the cloud using various mediums of communications. These communication mediums include mobile or satellite networks, Bluetooth, WI-FI, WAN, etc.
3) Data Processing: Once that data is collected, and it gets to the cloud, the software performs processing on the gathered data. This process can be just checking the temperature, reading on devices like AC or heaters. However, it can sometimes also be very complex like identifying objects, using computer vision on video.
4)User Interface: The information needs to be available to the end-user in some way which can be achieved by triggering alarms on their phones or sending them notification through email or text message. The user sometimes might need an interface which actively checks their IoT system. For example, the user has a camera installed in his home. He wants to access video recording and all the feeds with the help of a web server.
However, it's not always one-way communication. Depending on the IoT application and complexity of the system, the user may also be able to perform an action which may create cascading effects.
For example, if a user detects any changes in the temperature of the refrigerator, with the help of IoT technology the user should able to adjust the temperature with the help of their mobile phone.
Now in this IoT tutorial, we will see various IoT applications:
IoT solutions are widely used in numerous companies across industries. Some most common IoT applications are given below:
Application type | Description |
Smart Thermostats | Helps you to save resource on heating bills by knowing your usage patterns. |
Connected Cars | IoT helps automobile companies handle billing, parking, insurance, and other related stuff automatically. |
Activity Trackers | Helps you to capture heart rate pattern, calorie expenditure, activity levels, and skin temperature on your wrist. |
Smart Outlets | Remotely turn any device on or off. It also allows you to track a device's energy level and get custom notifications directly into your smartphone. |
Parking Sensors | IoT technology helps users to identify the real-time availability of parking spaces on their phone. |
Connect Health | The concept of a connected health care system facilitates real-time health monitoring and patient care. It helps in improved medical decision-making based on patient data. |
Smart City | Smart city offers all types of use cases which include traffic management to water distribution, waste management, etc. |
Smart home | Smart home encapsulates the connectivity inside your homes. It includes smoke detectors, home appliances, light bulbs, windows, door locks, etc. |
Smart supply chain | Helps you in real time tracking of goods while they are on the road, or getting suppliers to exchange inventory information. |
At present IoT is faced with many challenges, such as:
Key benefits of IoT technology are as follows:
Now, let's see some of the disadvantages of IoT in this Internet of Things tutorial:
We will now learn about Best practices for IoT in this Internet of Things tutorial.
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