Selenium
What is Selenium WebDriver? Difference with RC
What is Selenium Webdriver? Selenium Webdriver is an open-source collection of APIs which is used...
Forms are the fundamental web elements to receive information from the website visitors. Web forms have different GUI elements like Text boxes, Password fields, Checkboxes, Radio buttons, dropdowns, file inputs, etc.
We will see how to access these different form elements using Selenium Web Driver with Java. Selenium encapsulates every form element as an object of WebElement. It provides API to find the elements and take action on them like entering text into text boxes, clicking the buttons, etc. We will see the methods that are available to access each form element.
In this tutorial, we will see how to identify the following form elements
Selenium Web Driver encapsulates a simple form element as an object of WebElement.
There are various techniques by which the WebDriver identifies the form elements based on the different properties of the Web elements like ID, Name, Class, XPath, Tagname, CSS Selectors, link Text, etc.
Web Driver provides the following two WebElement methods to find the elements.
Let's see the code snippets to get a single element – Text Field in a web page as an object of WebElement using findElement() method. We shall cover the findElements() method of finding multiple elements in subsequent tutorials.
Step 1: We need to import this package to create objects of Web Elements
Step 2: We need to call the findElement() method available on the WebDriver class and get an object of WebElement.
Refer below to see how it is done.
Input boxes refer to either of these two types:
The method findElement() takes one parameter which is a locator to the element. Different locators like By.id(), By.name(), By.xpath(), By.CSSSelector() etc. locate the elements in the page using their properties like`````` id, name or path, etc.
You can use plugins like Fire path to get help with getting the id, xpath, etc. of the elements.
Using the example site http://demo.guru99.com/test/login.html given below is the code to locate the "Email address" text field using the id locator and the "Password "field using the name locator.
sendkeys() in Selenium is a method used to enter editable content in the text and password fields during test execution. These fields are identified using locators like name, class, id, etc. It is a method available on the web element. Unlike the type method, sendkeys() method does not replace existing text in any text box.
To enter text into the Text Fields and Password Fields, sendKeys() is the method available on the WebElement in Selenium.
Using the same example of http://demo.guru99.com/test/login.html site, here is how we find the Text field and Password fields and enter text in Selenium.
The clear() method is used to delete the text in an input box. This method does not need a parameter. The code snippet below will clear out the text from the Email or Password fields
The Selenium click button can be accessed using the click() method.
In the example above
Submit buttons are used to submit the entire form to the server. We can either use the click () method on the web element like a normal button as we have done above or use the submit () method on any web element in the form or on the submit button itself.
When submit() is used, WebDriver will look up the DOM to know which form the element belongs to, and then trigger its submit function.
Here is the complete working code
import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.*; public class Form { public static void main(String[] args) { // declaration and instantiation of objects/variables System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver","G:\\chromedriver.exe"); WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); String baseUrl = "http://demo.guru99.com/test/login.html"; driver.get(baseUrl); // Get the WebElement corresponding to the Email Address(TextField) WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.id("email")); // Get the WebElement corresponding to the Password Field WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.name("passwd")); email.sendKeys("This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it."); password.sendKeys("abcdefghlkjl"); System.out.println("Text Field Set"); // Deleting values in the text box email.clear(); password.clear(); System.out.println("Text Field Cleared"); // Find the submit button WebElement login = driver.findElement(By.id("SubmitLogin")); // Using click method to submit form email.sendKeys("This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it."); password.sendKeys("abcdefghlkjl"); login.click(); System.out.println("Login Done with Click"); //using submit method to submit the form. Submit used on password field driver.get(baseUrl); driver.findElement(By.id("email")).sendKeys("This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it."); driver.findElement(By.name("passwd")).sendKeys("abcdefghlkjl"); driver.findElement(By.id("SubmitLogin")).submit(); System.out.println("Login Done with Submit"); //driver.close(); } }
If you encounter NoSuchElementException() while finding elements, it means that the element is not found in the page at the point the Web driver accessed the page.
Element | Command | Description |
---|---|---|
Input Box | sendKeys() | used to enter values onto text boxes |
clear() | used to clear text boxes of its current value | |
Links | click() | used to click on the link and wait for page load to complete before proceeding to the next command. |
Submit Button | submit() |
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