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A Traceability Matrix is a document that co-relates any two-baseline documents that require a many-to-many relationship to check the completeness of the relationship.
It is used to track the requirements and to check the current project requirements are met.
Requirement Traceability Matrix (RTM) is a document that maps and traces user requirement with test cases. It captures all requirements proposed by the client and requirement traceability in a single document, delivered at the conclusion of the Software devlopement life cycle. The main purpose of Requirement Traceability Matrix is to validate that all requirements are checked via test cases such that no functionality is unchecked during Software testing.
In this tutorial, you will learn more about-
The main agenda of every tester should be to understand the client’s requirement and make sure that the output product should be defect-free. To achieve this goal, every QA should understand the requirement thoroughly and create positive and negative test cases.
This would mean that the software requirements provided by the client have to be further split into different scenarios and further to test cases. Each of this case has to be executed individually.
A question arises here on how to make sure that the requirement is tested considering all possible scenarios/cases? How to ensure that any requirement is not left out of the testing cycle?
A simple way is to trace the requirement with its corresponding test scenarios and test cases. This merely is termed as ‘Requirement Traceability Matrix.'
The traceability matrix is typically a worksheet that contains the requirements with its all possible test scenarios and cases and their current state, i.e. if they have been passed or failed. This would help the testing team to understand the level of testing activities done for the specific product.
Above is a sample requirement traceability matrix.
But in a typical software testing project, the traceability matrix would have more than these parameters.
As illustrated above, a requirement traceability matrix can:
This kind of matrix would be providing One Stop Shop for all the testing activities.
Apart from maintaining an excel separately. A testing team can also opt for requirements tracing available Test Management Tools.
In Software Engineering, traceability matrix can be divided into three major component as mentioned below:
Let's understand the concept of Requirement Traceability Matrix through a Guru99 banking project.
On the basis of the Business Requirement Document (BRD) and Technical Requirement Document (TRD), testers start writing test cases.
Let suppose, the following table is our Business Requirement Document or BRD for Guru99 banking project.
Here the scenario is that the customer should be able to login to Guru99 banking website with the correct password and user#id while manager should be able to login to the website through customer login page.
While the below table is our Technical Requirement Document (TRD).
Note: QA teams do not document the BRD and TRD. Also, some companies use Function Requirement Documents (FRD) which are similar to Technical Requirement Document but the process of creating Traceability Matrix remains the same.
Let's Go Ahead and create RTM in Testing
Step 1: Our sample Test Case is
"Verify Login, when correct ID and Password is entered, it should log in successfully"
Step 2: Identify the Technical Requirement that this test case is verifying. For our test case, the technical requirement is T94 is being verified.
Step 3: Note this Technical Requirement (T94) in the Test Case.
Step 4: Identify the Business Requirement for which this TR (Technical Requirement-T94) is defined
Step 5: Note the BR (Business Requirement) in Test Case
Step 6: Do above for all Test Cases. Later Extract the First 3 Columns from your Test Suite. RTM in testing is Ready!
Click here if the video is not accessible
Click below to download RTM Template Excel File
Download the RTM Template Excel(.xlsx)
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