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File system is a collection of algorithms and data structures that perform the translation from logical file operations to actual physical storage of information. In computing, a file system determines how data is stored and retrieved.
Without using the file system, information placed in a storage medium would be one large body of data with no way to know where one piece of information stops and the next one begins.
In this tutorial, you will learn:
FAT32 is one of the oldest of the three file systems available to Windows. It is introduced this system in Windows 95 to replace the FAT16 file system used with older OS systems like DOS and Windows 3.
Individual files on a FAT32 drive cannot excessed 4 GB in size, which is maximum.
A FAT32 partition should be less than 8 TeraByte (TB). The FAT32 contains four bytes per cluster inside the file allocation table.
The exFAT file system was introduced in 2006 and was added to older versions of Windows with updates to Windows XP and Windows Vista operating systems.
It is known as the most updated file system from Microsoft for Windows OS. This system is compatible with flash drives, thumb drives, or memory cards. The full form of exFAT is an extended file allocation table. It has large limits on file and partition sizes. It optimizes exFAT for flash drives.
NTFS is a modern-day file system that is used by default used by Windows. When you install Windows 10 into your PC or laptop, it formats your system drive with the NTFS file system. This file system has the file size and partition size limits, which are so huge that you are not likely to run up with disk space.
NTFS file system made it's first debut with Windows XP. It supports file permissions for security, a change in a journal that allows you to recover when your computer crashes, reach disk quota limits, shadow copies of your backup, etc.
Here are some important differences between FAT32, exFAT, and NTFS File System:
FAT32 | exFAT | NTFS |
---|---|---|
FAT32 is a file system that was first introduced with Windows 95. | ex-FAT was introduced with Windows XP and Vista operating system. | NTFS was first introduced with Windows NT, but it is widely used after Windows XP. |
Easy to use and quick to access format. | It is best suited for Flash drives. | NTFS supports file permissions, shadows copies for backup, provides encryption, disk quota limits, etc. |
It works fine with all versions of Windows. MAC, Linux, etc | It works with all versions of Windows. | Compatible with all versions of Windows |
You do not need a special configuration to use with MAC devices. | To use this file system, MAC OS X needs additional software on Linux. | It is read-only with MAC and some version of Linux. |
Maximum file size 4 GB and partition size 8 TB. | It also does not have any particular file size or partition size limits. | Not have any specific file size or partition size limits. |
FAT32 is an older type of file system which is not as efficient as NTFS. | exFAT is a modern replacement for FAT 32, and more devices and OS support it than NTFS, but i not as widespread as FAT32. | NTFS is the most modern file system. Windows use NTFS system drive and, by default, for most non-removable drives. |
Here are the pros/benefits of FAT32:
Here are the cons/drawback of FAT32
Here are the pros/benefits of the exFAT file system:
Here are the cons/disadvantages of the exFAT file system:
Here are the advantages/benefits of the NTFS system:
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