Top 40 PowerPoint Interview Questions and Answers (2026)

Getting ready for a presentation tools interview means anticipating what evaluators probe and why answers matter. This guide focuses on PowerPoint Interview questions to uncover skills, thinking, and workplace insight.
Mastering PowerPoint opens roles across business communication, analytics, and leadership, reflecting current industry demand. Employers value technical expertise, hands-on professional experience, sharp analysis, and presentation skillsets gained while working in the field, helping freshers, mid-level candidates, and senior professionals crack common, advanced questions with teams, managers, and leaders effectively today. Read more…
๐ Free PDF Download: PowerPoint Interview Questions & Answers
Top PowerPoint Interview Questions and Answers
1) What is Microsoft PowerPoint and what are its key features?
Microsoft PowerPoint is a presentation software developed by Microsoft that enables users to create visual and interactive slideshows. It is part of the Microsoft Office suite and is widely used for business, educational, and professional presentations. Its key features include slide design, animations, transitions, multimedia integration, templates, and collaboration tools.
Users can add charts, images, videos, and audio to enhance communication effectiveness. PowerPoint’s Slide Master feature ensures consistency across slides, while tools like Presenter View aid in delivering impactful presentations.
Example: In corporate settings, PowerPoint is used to present quarterly results using charts and graphs for better visualization.
2) Explain the different types of slide layouts available in PowerPoint.
PowerPoint offers multiple predefined slide layouts to help organize content systematically. These layouts determine the position of titles, text, images, charts, and other elements within a slide.
| Layout Type | Description | Best Used For |
|---|---|---|
| Title Slide | Contains placeholders for title and subtitle | Opening presentation |
| Title and Content | Title and one content placeholder | General information |
| Two Content | Two placeholders side by side | Comparisons |
| Comparison | Includes headings above each content block | Data-driven comparisons |
| Blank | No placeholders | Custom designs |
| Picture with Caption | Image with text box | Product or concept display |
Using appropriate layouts enhances readability and presentation structure.
3) How does the Slide Master feature work and why is it important?
The Slide Master controls the overall design, layout, and formatting of all slides within a presentation. It ensures consistency in fonts, colors, and logo placements. By editing the Slide Master once, changes apply automatically across all associated slides, saving significant design time.
It is especially important in corporate branding, where uniform templates are critical.
Example: A company can use the Slide Master to embed its logo on all slides automatically, maintaining brand identity without manually editing each slide.
4) What is the difference between transitions and animations in PowerPoint?
Transitions and animations both add motion effects but serve different purposes.
| Feature | Transitions | Animations |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Visual effects between slides | Motion effects within a slide |
| Purpose | Smooth slide change | Highlight specific objects or text |
| Examples | Fade, Wipe, Push | Fly In, Zoom, Spin |
| Timing | Occurs when moving to next slide | Occurs during slide display |
Example: A “Fade” transition can smoothly move between slides, while an “Appear” animation can highlight bullet points one by one during the same slide.
5) What are the benefits of using templates in PowerPoint presentations?
Templates provide pre-designed slide structures that save time and ensure visual consistency. They include layouts, color schemes, and fonts aligned with professional standards.
Benefits include:
- Faster slide creation and formatting.
- Consistent design throughout the presentation.
- Professional aesthetics with minimal design effort.
- Easy customization for branding.
Example: Marketing teams often use branded templates to maintain uniformity across client presentations and internal decks.
6) Can you explain the different ways to insert multimedia elements into PowerPoint?
PowerPoint supports multiple ways to add multimedia to enhance engagement. Users can:
- Insert Pictures: From file, stock images, or online sources.
- Add Videos: Embed from computer or stream from YouTube.
- Include Audio: Background music, narration, or sound effects.
- Use SmartArt and Charts: To visualize data effectively.
Example: In training modules, instructors embed short tutorial videos within slides to make sessions interactive and self-explanatory.
7) How can you protect a PowerPoint presentation from unauthorized editing?
PowerPoint provides several protection features:
- Password Protection: Users can restrict editing or opening of files.
- Read-Only Mode: Prevents structural changes while allowing viewing.
- Digital Signatures: Ensures authenticity and prevents tampering.
- Mark as Final: Indicates that no further changes are intended.
These security options are vital when sharing confidential or proprietary information across teams or clients.
8) What are the advantages and disadvantages of using animations in PowerPoint?
Animations make presentations dynamic but can be distracting if overused.
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| Emphasize key points | May slow down presentation |
| Enhance audience engagement | Overuse reduces professionalism |
| Help in stepwise content reveal | Can distract from core message |
Example: Using a simple “Appear” animation to reveal bullet points maintains attention without overwhelming viewers.
9) Describe the steps to rehearse and time a PowerPoint presentation.
PowerPoint’s Rehearse Timings feature helps presenters practice delivery and record timing for each slide.
Steps:
- Go to Slide Show โ Rehearse Timings.
- Practice presenting; PowerPoint records the duration per slide.
- Save timings if satisfied.
- Use Set Up Slide Show โ Use Timings to automate transitions.
This process helps presenters maintain flow and consistency during live sessions.
Example: Educators recording lectures can use this feature to ensure each slide fits within their allocated lecture time.
10) What are common factors that affect the quality of a PowerPoint presentation?
A high-quality PowerPoint presentation balances design, clarity, and delivery. Key factors include:
- Content Relevance: Focused and logically structured information.
- Visual Design: Balanced color schemes and readable fonts.
- Consistency: Uniform layouts and transitions.
- Data Visualization: Effective charts and infographics.
- Practice & Timing: Smooth flow between points.
Example: A well-designed sales pitch deck combines concise text, data-driven visuals, and confident delivery for maximum impact.
11) How can you collaborate with others on a PowerPoint presentation using Microsoft 365?
PowerPoint in Microsoft 365 enables real-time collaboration and cloud-based editing. Users can store presentations in OneDrive or SharePoint, share them with team members, and co-author simultaneously.
Changes are updated in real time, and PowerPoint tracks who is editing each slide.
Steps for collaboration:
- Upload the presentation to OneDrive.
- Click Share โ Enter collaborators’ emails.
- Choose permissions (Edit/View).
- Track comments or suggest changes using Review โ Comments.
Example: A marketing team can co-edit a product launch presentation remotely, with design and content teams working concurrently.
12) What are the different file formats supported by PowerPoint and their purposes?
PowerPoint supports multiple file formats depending on the purpose.
| Format | Extension | Usage |
|---|---|---|
| Presentation | .pptx | Default editable file |
| Macro-enabled | .pptm | Contains VBA macros |
| Template | .potx | Used to create new presentations with consistent formatting |
| Show | .ppsx | Opens directly in Slide Show mode |
| Share as non-editable document | ||
| Video | .mp4 / .wmv | Export presentation as video |
Choosing the right format ensures compatibility and presentation security.
13) What is Presenter View and how does it enhance delivery during a presentation?
Presenter View is a specialized mode that allows speakers to view their notes, upcoming slides, and timing on their screen while the audience only sees the current slide.
This enhances delivery by enabling better pacing, smooth transitions, and confidence during live presentations.
Key benefits include:
- Display of private notes for reference.
- Timer to manage slide duration.
- Navigation pane for quick access to slides.
Example: A lecturer can view talking points without displaying them to the class, ensuring a seamless and professional delivery.
14) Explain how to use SmartArt in PowerPoint with examples.
SmartArt is a built-in graphic tool that helps visualize concepts, hierarchies, and processes. It converts plain text into structured, professional visuals.
Steps:
- Go to Insert โ SmartArt.
- Choose a graphic type such as Process, Hierarchy, or Cycle.
- Enter text into placeholders.
- Customize colors and layouts for clarity.
Example: For an organizational chart, select Hierarchy and fill in department heads and teams, providing a visually appealing company structure.
15) What are PowerPoint sections and why are they useful?
Sections allow presenters to organize slides into logical groups for easier management. This is especially valuable in large presentations with multiple themes or presenters.
Benefits include:
- Simplified slide navigation.
- Streamlined collaboration (assign sections to team members).
- Better organization for rehearsing and editing.
Example: A corporate presentation can be divided into Introduction, Market Analysis, Strategy, and Conclusion sections, allowing team members to work independently.
16) What are the different ways to compress and optimize media in PowerPoint?
Large media files can slow down presentations or cause compatibility issues. PowerPoint offers built-in tools for optimization:
Methods include:
- Compress Media: Found under
FileโInfoโCompress Media. - Reduce Image Size: Use
Picture FormatโCompress Pictures. - Embed Fonts Wisely: Avoid embedding unnecessary fonts.
- Convert to Video: Export to MP4 for compact, shareable files.
Example: Training modules with embedded videos can be compressed to reduce file size before uploading to an LMS.
17) How can you create custom animations and motion paths in PowerPoint?
PowerPoint allows users to build custom animations and motion paths for unique effects.
Steps include:
- Select an object.
- Go to Animations โ Add Animation โ Motion Paths.
- Choose from predefined paths (Line, Curve, Custom Path).
- Adjust timing and trigger options in Animation Pane.
Example: To simulate a moving vehicle, draw a custom path across a slide and apply a “Fly Along Path” animation for realistic motion.
18) What are the key design principles for creating professional PowerPoint presentations?
Effective presentation design follows core visual communication principles:
| Design Principle | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Simplicity | Avoid clutter; use minimal text | Limit bullet points per slide |
| Consistency | Use uniform fonts and colors | Same font family throughout |
| Contrast | Highlight key elements | Use dark text on light backgrounds |
| Alignment | Keep elements organized | Align images and text blocks |
| Visual Hierarchy | Emphasize important info | Larger titles, smaller details |
Following these ensures audience engagement and message clarity.
19) What are the different methods to deliver a PowerPoint presentation remotely?
Remote delivery has become crucial in hybrid and online environments.
Methods include:
- Microsoft Teams or Zoom Integration: Share screen or use PowerPoint Live.
- Export to Video: Share as a recorded presentation.
- Broadcast Slide Show: Stream presentation online directly from PowerPoint.
- PDF Sharing: For static content distribution.
Example: Trainers often use PowerPoint Live in Teams to let attendees view slides and notes simultaneously.
20) How can you troubleshoot common PowerPoint issues such as missing fonts or corrupted files?
PowerPoint presentations may encounter technical issues that affect usability.
Common problems and solutions:
| Issue | Cause | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Missing Fonts | Fonts not embedded | Use File โ Options โ Save โ Embed Fonts |
| Corrupted File | Improper saving or power failure | Open in Safe Mode or recover from autosave |
| Media Not Playing | Missing codecs | Convert media format or reinsert video |
| Slow Performance | Large file size | Compress images and videos |
Example: When opening an old presentation with missing fonts, embedding default fonts ensures consistent appearance on any device.
21) How can you automate repetitive tasks in PowerPoint using VBA (Visual Basic for Applications)?
PowerPoint allows automation through VBA macros, which can execute repetitive commands or customize workflows.
To use VBA:
- Enable the Developer Tab from Options โ Customize Ribbon.
- Click Visual Basic to open the editor.
- Write or record macros using the
Subprocedure.
Example:
Sub AddLogo()
Dim sld As Slide
For Each sld In ActivePresentation.Slides
sld.Shapes.AddPicture "C:\logo.png", msoFalse, msoTrue, 10, 10, 50, 50
Next
End Sub
This macro inserts a company logo on every slide automatically โ saving hours in large presentations.
Benefits: Time-saving, consistency, and repeatable design tasks.
22) What are PowerPoint Add-ins, and how do they enhance functionality?
Add-ins extend PowerPoint’s capabilities by integrating external tools or automations.
They can add new design features, analytical tools, or collaborative functionalities.
Examples of useful Add-ins:
- Grammarly: Grammar and tone correction for slide text.
- PowerPoint Labs: Advanced animation and effects toolkit.
- Mentimeter: Enables live audience polling during presentations.
- LiveWeb: Embeds live webpages directly into slides.
Advantages: Streamlined workflows, enhanced engagement, and extended design options for users who need more than the built-in features.
23) Explain the difference between embedding and linking multimedia in PowerPoint.
Both embedding and linking insert multimedia content, but they differ in storage and accessibility.
| Aspect | Embedding | Linking |
|---|---|---|
| Storage | Media saved within presentation file | Media stored externally |
| File Size | Larger | Smaller |
| Portability | Fully portable | Requires linked file path |
| Updating | Must reinsert updated media | Automatically updates from source |
Example: Embedding is ideal for sending a presentation by email, while linking suits internal teams using shared drives.
24) How does PowerPoint integrate with AI features in Microsoft 365?
Modern PowerPoint versions incorporate AI-driven tools to enhance productivity and design aesthetics.
Key AI integrations include:
- Designer: Suggests layouts and visuals automatically.
- Ideas Pane: Recommends concise phrasing and better slide content.
- Presenter Coach: Uses AI to analyze speech, tone, and pacing during rehearsals.
- Subtitle and Translation: Generates real-time subtitles for accessibility.
Example: Presenter Coach helps users identify filler words or monotonous pacing before live delivery โ improving professionalism and audience engagement.
25) What are PowerPoint slide transitions best practices for professional presentations?
Transitions create fluid movement between slides but must be used purposefully.
Best practices include:
- Use subtle transitions like
FadeorPushfor professionalism. - Keep duration consistent (0.5โ1.0 seconds).
- Avoid mixing too many styles in one deck.
- Use transitions to reinforce flow, not decoration.
Example: In executive presentations, using a simple Fade transition maintains focus on content rather than effects.
26) How do you maintain consistency across multiple PowerPoint presentations in an organization?
Consistency ensures brand identity and audience recognition.
Approaches include:
- Master Templates: Standardized color, logo, and layout.
- Custom Themes: Shared via corporate intranet.
- Design Libraries: Common asset repository for icons, fonts, and visuals.
- Training & Guidelines: Educate employees on usage.
Example: A multinational firm enforces its Brand Presentation Pack template for all marketing and investor decks to maintain visual coherence.
27) What are the main differences between PowerPoint desktop and PowerPoint Online?
| Feature | PowerPoint Desktop | PowerPoint Online |
|---|---|---|
| Functionality | Full features (VBA, macros, animations) | Limited tools and transitions |
| Storage | Local and OneDrive | Cloud-based only |
| Collaboration | Manual or co-authoring | Real-time collaboration |
| Add-ins | Fully supported | Restricted |
| Speed | Dependent on system | Browser-dependent |
Example: PowerPoint Online is excellent for teamwork, while the desktop version suits complex animation or automation tasks.
28) How can you use PowerPoint for e-learning or training modules?
PowerPoint is frequently used in instructional design for creating interactive learning modules.
Techniques include:
- Embedding videos and narration.
- Using hyperlinks and trigger animations for quizzes.
- Exporting slides as SCORM-compliant packages for LMS platforms.
- Using Slide Zoom for non-linear navigation.
Example: Corporate trainers convert PowerPoint decks into interactive e-learning materials integrated with voiceover and assessments.
29) What are common mistakes users make in PowerPoint presentations, and how can they be avoided?
| Mistake | Impact | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Too much text | Overwhelms audience | Use bullet points and visuals |
| Inconsistent design | Distracts viewers | Apply theme and Slide Master |
| Excessive animation | Reduces professionalism | Use subtle effects |
| Poor color contrast | Reduces readability | Ensure contrast compliance |
| Unprepared delivery | Loss of confidence | Use Presenter View for notes |
Example: Simplifying slides to “one idea per slide” drastically improves comprehension and audience retention.
30) How do you handle last-minute presentation edits or crashes before a meeting?
Handling emergencies requires both preparation and recovery strategies:
- Enable AutoRecover: Ensures file recovery after unexpected closure.
- Save Incremental Versions: Maintain multiple file versions (v1, v2, etc.).
- Use OneDrive Sync: Cloud auto-saves real-time changes.
- Export Backup PDF: As a quick fail-safe for handouts.
Example: If PowerPoint crashes five minutes before a meeting, the AutoRecover feature can reopen the latest autosaved draft, minimizing disruption.
31) How can PowerPoint be used to tell a compelling visual story in business presentations?
Storytelling in PowerPoint transforms data and ideas into a coherent narrative that persuades and informs.
An effective storytelling presentation follows a structure: context โ challenge โ solution โ result. Visual storytelling emphasizes emotional connection through images, icons, and concise messaging.
Best practices:
- Start with a strong hook or problem statement.
- Use visuals instead of dense text.
- Maintain narrative flow with transitions and section headers.
- End with a powerful call to action.
Example: A startup pitch deck might narrate a customer’s pain point, illustrate the solution visually, and conclude with market growth results โ keeping investors engaged.
32) What are the accessibility features in PowerPoint for inclusive presentations?
Accessibility features ensure presentations are usable by individuals with disabilities. PowerPoint integrates multiple accessibility tools such as:
- Alt Text: Provides descriptions for images for screen readers.
- Accessible Templates: Use readable fonts and high-contrast color schemes.
- Closed Captions: Add subtitles for audio/video content.
- Accessibility Checker: Automatically identifies issues and suggests corrections.
Example: An HR training presentation can use PowerPoint’s Accessibility Checker to verify that visuals have alt text and that contrast ratios meet ADA compliance standards.
33) How can PowerPoint be integrated with Excel and Word for data-driven presentations?
Microsoft Office integration allows seamless use of shared data:
- Embedding Excel Charts: Insert โ Object โ Create from File โ Excel file.
- Linking Data: Automatically updates PowerPoint charts when Excel data changes.
- Importing Text from Word: Use
Send to Microsoft PowerPointfor structured outlines. - Copy as Picture: Preserve chart formatting during imports.
Example: Financial analysts often embed Excel graphs in PowerPoint for real-time reporting dashboards, ensuring accuracy without manual updates.
34) What are key psychological principles behind effective PowerPoint design?
PowerPoint design follows cognitive and visual psychology principles to enhance retention:
| Principle | Description | Application Example |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive Load | Limit information per slide | Use minimal text and visuals |
| Visual Hierarchy | Guide viewer’s eye logically | Larger titles, smaller subpoints |
| Dual Coding | Combine visuals and words | Use icons with short labels |
| Gestalt Principles | Group related elements | Maintain alignment and spacing |
Example: Applying dual coding by pairing icons with short statements improves recall and engagement in training materials.
35) How can you improve PowerPoint performance for large presentations?
Performance optimization prevents lag and ensures smooth operation.
Key methods include:
- Compress images and videos.
- Limit high-resolution backgrounds.
- Reduce animation effects.
- Disable hardware acceleration if rendering issues occur.
- Use smaller embedded fonts.
Example: Reducing embedded media size by 50% can make a 200MB deck load in seconds instead of minutes during live presentations.
36) What factors should be considered when exporting a PowerPoint as a video?
When exporting as a video, PowerPoint converts slides, transitions, and narration into a playable file.
Factors to consider:
- Resolution: Choose 1080p for standard quality, 4K for HD presentations.
- Timing: Use
Rehearse Timingsto set slide durations. - Narration: Include audio narration or subtitles for accessibility.
- Format: Save as MP4 for universal compatibility.
Example: Product demo decks are often exported as MP4 videos for marketing campaigns on YouTube or corporate websites.
37) How do Slide Zoom and Summary Zoom enhance presentation interactivity?
Slide Zoom and Summary Zoom are advanced navigation tools that create non-linear presentation flows.
- Slide Zoom: Focuses on specific slides and returns to the main slide when done.
- Summary Zoom: Groups slides into sections and allows dynamic jumping between topics.
Benefits:
- Greater flexibility in storytelling.
- Engages audience through dynamic navigation.
- Useful for large, modular presentations.
Example: A trainer can use Summary Zoom to switch between course sections interactively, similar to a website menu experience.
38) How can you use PowerPoint’s Morph transition effectively?
The Morph transition animates smooth movement of objects between slides by recognizing shared elements.
It eliminates the need for manual animations and creates cinematic continuity.
Effective use cases:
- Zooming into details (e.g., map or diagram).
- Demonstrating processes or sequences.
- Creating motion-based storytelling visuals.
Example: A UX designer can morph between wireframes to show interface transitions, offering a prototype-like presentation without coding.
39) What are the advantages and disadvantages of PowerPoint compared to other presentation tools (e.g., Google Slides, Canva, Keynote)?
| Aspect | PowerPoint | Google Slides | Canva | Keynote |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feature Depth | Extensive (animations, VBA) | Moderate | Design-focused | Smooth animations |
| Offline Access | Yes | No (requires internet) | Limited | Yes |
| Collaboration | Good (Microsoft 365) | Excellent | Strong | Moderate |
| Integration | Full Office Suite | Google Workspace | Limited | Apple ecosystem |
| Learning Curve | Moderate | Easy | Easy | Moderate |
Example: PowerPoint remains preferred for corporate and analytical presentations due to its robust features and compatibility with Excel.
40) What steps should be followed to prepare for delivering a high-impact PowerPoint presentation?
Delivering an impactful presentation requires preparation, practice, and adaptability.
Steps:
- Know your audience: Tailor tone and content.
- Structure your narrative: Clear beginning, middle, and end.
- Practice with Presenter View: Manage pacing and timing.
- Check technical setup: Fonts, media, and transitions.
- Engage the audience: Use eye contact and storytelling.
- Backup plan: Carry PDF and video versions.
Example: Before a client pitch, a presenter rehearses slide flow using Rehearse Timings and keeps a PDF backup in case of technical failure.
๐ Top PowerPoint Interview Questions with Real-World Scenarios & Strategic Responses
1) How do you approach designing a professional and visually engaging PowerPoint presentation?
Expected from candidate: The interviewer wants to understand your design thinking, attention to detail, and ability to balance visuals with content clarity.
Example answer: “I begin by understanding the audience and the objective of the presentation. I focus on clean layouts, consistent fonts, and a limited color palette. In my previous role, I followed brand guidelines closely and used visuals such as icons and charts to support key messages without overwhelming the slides.”
2) What steps do you take to ensure your PowerPoint slides effectively communicate complex information?
Expected from candidate: The interviewer is assessing your ability to simplify complex ideas and communicate clearly.
Example answer: “I break complex information into smaller sections and use bullet points, diagrams, and charts. I also use slide titles that clearly state the main takeaway so the audience understands the message even at a glance.”
3) Can you describe a situation where you had to create a presentation under a tight deadline?
Expected from candidate: The interviewer is evaluating time management, prioritization, and stress handling skills.
Example answer: “At a previous position, I was asked to prepare an executive presentation within one day. I prioritized the key messages, reused existing templates, and focused on clarity rather than excessive design. This approach allowed me to deliver a polished and effective presentation on time.”
4) How do you customize PowerPoint presentations for different audiences, such as executives versus technical teams?
Expected from candidate: The interviewer wants to see your adaptability and audience awareness.
Example answer: “I tailor the level of detail and visuals based on the audience. For executives, I focus on high-level insights and outcomes, while for technical teams, I include more data, process flows, and detailed explanations.”
5) What PowerPoint features do you commonly use to enhance presentations?
Expected from candidate: The interviewer is testing your practical knowledge of PowerPoint tools.
Example answer: “I frequently use Slide Master for consistency, SmartArt for visualizing processes, charts for data representation, and animations sparingly to guide attention. These features help maintain a professional and cohesive presentation.”
6) Tell me about a time when feedback required you to significantly revise a presentation.
Expected from candidate: The interviewer wants to assess openness to feedback and flexibility.
Example answer: “In my last role, a stakeholder requested major changes to the structure of a presentation just before delivery. I actively listened to the feedback, reorganized the content, and simplified the visuals. The revised version was better aligned with their expectations and received positive responses.”
7) How do you ensure brand consistency across PowerPoint presentations?
Expected from candidate: The interviewer is evaluating your attention to branding and standards.
Example answer: “I use predefined templates, Slide Master settings, and approved fonts and colors. I also double-check alignment, spacing, and logo placement to ensure consistency throughout the presentation.”
8) How do you handle presenting PowerPoint slides during live presentations or meetings?
Expected from candidate: The interviewer wants to understand your presentation and communication skills.
Example answer: “I use slides as visual support rather than reading directly from them. I maintain eye contact with the audience, explain visuals clearly, and adjust my pace based on audience engagement and questions.”
9) Describe a scenario where PowerPoint helped you influence a decision.
Expected from candidate: The interviewer is assessing your ability to use presentations strategically.
Example answer: “I once used a data-driven PowerPoint presentation to compare multiple solutions. By clearly visualizing cost, risk, and benefits, the stakeholders were able to make an informed decision confidently.”
10) How do you keep your PowerPoint skills updated?
Expected from candidate: The interviewer wants to know your commitment to continuous improvement.
Example answer: “I regularly explore new PowerPoint features, watch tutorials, and review well-designed presentations for inspiration. I also practice by experimenting with layouts and visual storytelling techniques to improve my skills over time.”
