In this tutorial, we will learn,
1) SAP HANA Data Type
2) SAP HANA Identifiers
SAP HANA Data Type
In SAP HANA Database, SQL Data Type is as below –
| Classification | Sub-Classification | SQL Data Type | Column Store Type | Default Format |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Date Times Types | Date | DATE | CS_DAYDATE | 'YYYY-MM-DD' |
| Time | TIME | CS_SECONDTIME | 'HH24:MI:SS' | |
| Second Date | SECONDDATE | CS_LONGDATE | 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS' | |
| Time Stamp | TIMESTAMP | CS_SECONDDATE | 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS.FFn' | |
| Numeric Types | Tiny Integer | TINYINT | CS_INT | 8-bit unsigned integer, Range 0 To 255 |
| Small Integer | SMALLINT | CS_INT | 16-bit signed integer , Range -32,768 To 32,767 | |
| Integer | INTEGER | CS_INT | 32-bit signed integer, Range -2,147,483,648 To 2,147,483,647 | |
| Big Integer | BIGINT | CS_FIXED(18,0) | 4-bit signed integer , Range -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 To 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 | |
| Decimal | DECIMAL(p,s) p-Precision s- scale | CS_FIXED(p-s,s) | Precision p can range from 1 to 38. The scale s can range from 0 to p. If precision and scale are not specified, DECIMAL becomes a floating-point decimal number. | |
| Small Decimal | SMALLDECIMAL | CS_SDFLOAT | It is a floating-point decimal number. The precision and scale should be within the range 1~16 for precision and -369~368 for scale, depending on the stored value. SMALLDECIMAL is only supported for column store Table. | |
| Real Number | REAL | CS_FLOAT | single-precision 32-bit floating-point number | |
| Double Number | DOUBLE | CS_DOUBLE | a double-precision 64-bit floating-point number | |
| Float | FLOAT(n) | CS_DOUBLE | It is 32-bit or 64-bit real number. Where n specifies the number of bits and should be in the range between 1 and 53. | |
| Boolean | Boolean | BOOLEAN | CS_INT | TRUE, FALSE And UNKNOWN (NULL). |
| Character String | Variable-Length Character String | VARCHAR(n) | CS_STRING | It is a Variable-length character string, where 'n' specified the maximum length in bytes and this is an integer between 1 and 5000. |
| Variable-Length Unicode character | NVARCHAR(n) | CS_STRING | Variable-length Unicode character set string, where <n> indicates the maximum length in characters and is an integer between 1 and 5000 | |
| Alpha Numeric Character | ALPHANUM(n) | CS_ALPHANUM | Variable length alpha-numeric characters, where n indicates the maximum length and is an integer between 1 and 127 | |
| Short Text | SHORTTEXT(n) | CS_STRING | It is Variable-length character string which provide text search and string search features. This data type can be defined for column store tables, but not for row tables. | |
| Binary Types | Binary Text | VARBINARY(n) | CS_RAW | Store binary data of a specified maximum length in bytes, where n indicates the maximum length and is an integer between 1 and 5000. |
| LOB Types(Large Object Types) | Binary LOB | BLOB | CS_RAW | Large amounts of binary data |
| Character LOB | CLOB | CS_STRING | ASCII character data | |
| Unicode Character LOB | NCLOB | CS_STRING | Large Unicode character object | |
| TEXT | TEXT | CS_STRING | The TEXT data type provide text search features. This data type can be defined for column Store tables, but not for row store tables. | |
| BINARY Text Data | BINTEXT | CS_STRING | The BINTEXT data type is similar to data type TEXT and thus supports text search features, but it is possible to insert binary data. This data type can be defined for column tables, but not for row tables. | |
| Multi-valued Types | Array | ARRAY | It stores collections of values of the same data type where each element is related with exactly one position. Arrays can contain NULL values as in the absence of a value. |
SAP HANA Identifiers
Identifiers are used to represent name in SQL statement (e.g. table name, view name, column name, index name, synonym name, procedure name, function name, etc.)
There are two types of identifiers – delimited identifiers and undelimited identifiers.
- Delimited Identifiers – It is enclosed in the delimiter, Double Quotes "". The identifier can contain any character including special character.
- Undelimited Identifiers – Undelimited identifiers (table name, column name) must start with a letter and cannot contain any symbols other than a digit or an underscore '_'.
There are two types Quotation mark for delimit as below-
- Single Quotation Mark (' ') – It is used to delimit the string.
- Double Quotation Mark (" ")- It is used for delimiting identifiers.