--- description: 1) Explain what is R? R is data analysis software which is used by analysts, quants, statisticians, data scientists and others. 2) List out some of the function that R provides? The function that R pr title: Top 18 R Programming Interview Questions & Answers (2026) image: https://www.guru99.com/images/1/063018_1158_10BestProgr3.png --- [Skip to content](#main) Here are R Programming interview questions and answers for fresher as well experienced candidates to get their dream job. ## R Programming Viva Questions and Answers for Freshers ### 1) Explain what is R? R is data analysis software which is used by analysts, quants, statisticians, data scientists and others. --- ### 2) List out some of the function that R provides? The function that R provides are * Mean * Median * Distribution * Covariance * Regression * Non-linear * Mixed Effects * GLM * GAM. etc. --- ### 3) Explain how you can start the R commander GUI? Typing the command, (“Rcmdr”) into the R console starts the R commander GUI. --- ### 4) In R how you can import Data? You use R commander to import Data in R, and there are three ways through which you can enter data into it * You can enter data directly via Data  New Data Set * Import data from a plain text (ASCII) or other files (SPSS, Minitab, etc.) * Read a data set either by typing the name of the data set or selecting the data set in the dialog box ![ R Programming Interview Questions]() R Programming Interview Questions --- ### 5) Mention what does not ‘R’ language do? * Though [R programming](https://www.guru99.com/r-programming-introduction-basics.html) can easily connects to DBMS is not a database * R does not consist of any graphical user interface * Though it connects to Excel/Microsoft Office easily, R language does not provide any spreadsheet view of data --- ### 6) Explain how R commands are written? In R, anywhere in the program you have to preface the line of code with a #sign, for example * \# subtraction * \# division * \# note order of operations exists --- ### 7) How can you save your data in R? To save data in R, there are many ways, but the easiest way of doing this is Go to Data > Active Data Set > Export Active Data Set and a dialogue box will appear, when you click ok the dialogue box let you save your data in the usual way. --- ### 8) Mention how you can produce co-relations and covariances? You can produce co-relations by the cor () function to produce co-relations and cov () function to produce covariances. --- ### 9) Explain what is t-tests in R? In R, the t.test () function produces a variety of t-tests. T-test is the most common test in statistics and used to determine whether the means of two groups are equal to each other. ### RELATED ARTICLES * [Lists in R Programming: How to Create & Select Elements ](https://www.guru99.com/r-lists-create-select.html "Lists in R Programming: How to Create & Select Elements") * [R Sort Data Frame: order() Function with Example ](https://www.guru99.com/r-sort-data-frame.html "R Sort Data Frame: order() Function with Example") * [How to Export Data from R to CSV & Excel ](https://www.guru99.com/r-exporting-data.html "How to Export Data from R to CSV & Excel") * [Random Forest in R Tutorial: Algorithm with Example ](https://www.guru99.com/r-random-forest-tutorial.html "Random Forest in R Tutorial: Algorithm with Example") --- ### 10) Explain what is With () and By () function in R is used for? * With() function is similar to DATA in SAS, it apply an expression to a dataset. * BY() function applies a function to each level of factors. It is similar to BY processing in SAS. --- ## R Programming Interview Questions and Answers for Experienced ### 11) What are the data structures in R that is used to perform statistical analyses and create graphs? R has data structures like * Vectors * Matrices * Arrays * Data frames --- ### 12) Explain general format of Matrices in R? General format is Mymatrix< - matrix (vector, nrow=r , ncol=c , byrow=FALSE, dimnames = list ( char_vector_ rowname, char_vector_colnames)) --- ### 13) In R how missing values are represented ? In R missing values are represented by NA (Not Available), why impossible values are represented by the symbol NaN (not a number). --- ### 14) Explain what is transpose? For re-shaping data before, analysis R provides various method and transpose are the simplest method of reshaping a dataset. To transpose a matrix or a data frame `t ()` function is used. --- ### 15) Explain how data is aggregated in R? By collapsing data in R by using one or more BY variables, it becomes easy. When using the `aggregate()` function the BY variable should be in the list. --- ### 16) What is the function used for adding datasets in R? rbind function can be used to join two data frames (datasets). The two [data frames](https://www.guru99.com/r-data-frames.html) must have the same variables, but they do not have to be in the same order. --- ### 17) What is the use of subset() function and sample() function in R ? In R, subset() functions help you to select variables and observations while through sample() function you can choose a random sample of size n from a dataset. --- ### 18) Explain how you can create a table in R without external file? Use the code myTable = data.frame() edit(myTable) This code will open an excel like spreadsheet where you can easily enter your data. These interview questions will also help in your viva(orals) #### Summarize this post with: ChatGPT Perplexity Grok Google AI **Stay Updated on AI** **Get Weekly AI Skills, Trends, Actionable Advice.** ##### Sign up for the newsletter Subscribe for Free You have successfully subscribed. 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