UiPath Учебник для начинающих: что такое UiPath РПА? Функции

Что такое UiPath?

UiPath — это роботизированная платформа автоматизации процессов для комплексной крупномасштабной автоматизации. UiPath software offers solutions for enterprises to automate repetitive office tasks for rapid business transformation. It converts repetitive tasks into an automated process using multiple tools. It was founded in Bucharest in 2005 by Romanian entrepreneurs Daniel Dines and Marius Tîrcă, originally under the name DeskOver.

More and more companies are adopting digital ways of working day by day. With digitisation, the biggest advantage is the speed of execution. But the challenge is that it requires diverse tools, and therefore a workforce with a diverse skill set to handle those tools. A workforce with such a varied skill set is scarce. To resolve this issue, the IT industry has been looking for a reliable, fast, intelligent, and robust solution. This demand is fulfilled by автоматизация процесса автоматизации платформы, такие как UiPath.

The key idea is that a robot works through the user interface exactly as a person would. Nothing inside the target application has to be modified, which is why the approach suits legacy systems that offer no API.

Продукты UiPath

UiPath is available as three different products that work together:

UiPath Студия

It allows you to plan any automation process visually with the help of different diagrams. Each diagram represents a certain type of work to perform.

UiPath Роботик

Once you are done designing the processes in Studio, you need to execute them. Robots pick up those steps and run them without human direction in any environment. A robot can also work when a human triggers the process.

UiPath Orchestrator

This tool is a web-based application. It helps you to deploy, schedule, monitor, and manage robots and processes. It is a centralised platform from which all robots are managed.

UiPath Architecture and How It Works

The three products above map onto three layers, and understanding that split explains where each piece of work happens.

Слой	Компонент	Ответственность
Дизайн	UiPath Студия	Build and test the workflow, publish it as a package
Типы	UiPath Роботик	Run the published package against the target applications
Управление	UiPath Orchestrator	Store packages, assign jobs, hold queues and credentials, collect logs

Robots themselves come in two operating styles, and choosing the wrong one is a common early mistake.

• Attended robot: Runs on the same machine as a person and is started by that person, usually to remove clicks from a task they are already doing. It cannot run while the desktop is locked.
• Unattended robot: Runs on its own virtual machine, triggered by a schedule or a queue item from Orchestrator, with no person present. This suits overnight batch work.

Особенности UiPath

Now we will learn about the important features of UiPath:

1. Варианты хостинга: It can be hosted in cloud environments or on virtual terminals.

2. Совместимость приложений: Offers a wide range of applications to work with, which includes web and desktop applications.

3. Centralised repository: This feature lets users handle all the robots simultaneously.

4. Безопасность: Offers auto login features to run the bots, with credentials held in Orchestrator rather than in the workflow.

5. Расширенное сканирование экранаping решение: A scraping solution that works with almost any application, including .NET, Java, Flash, PDF, legacy, and SAP, with high accuracy.

6. Reliable tool for modelling business processes: UiPath Studio supports automation at scale with the help of modelled business processes.

7. Scalability and robustness:

• Effective debugging and exception handling mechanisms.
• Artificial intelligence that handles day-to-day applications such as Outlook, Excel, and PDF, including document understanding for semi-structured files.

Как установить UiPath?

Now we will learn how to install UiPath. The screenshots below were captured from an earlier release, and the current sign-up runs through UiPath Automation Cloud, so the wording of some screens differs while the sequence of steps remains the same.

Шаг 1) Введите это URL в вашем браузере: https://www.uipath.com/community. Click on the get community edition button.

Шаг 2) Enter all the marked details.

Шаг 3) Click Request Community Edition.

Шаг 4) You will receive the mail shown below. Click on скачать версию для сообщества и начнется загрузка.

Шаг 5) Once the download is completed, click on the setup file.

Шаг 6) Once the software is installed, click on start free trial.

Шаг 7) На следующем экране

1. Введите ваш адрес электронной почты.
2. The device id will be detected automatically.
3. Then click on the Activate button.

У вас будет UiPath on your system now.

Понимание UiPath Интерфейс

UiPath has a GUI which consists of multiple panels. It offers easy access to specific functionality.

Ниже приведены основные компоненты UiPath Студия:

• Лента
• Универсальная панель поиска
• Панель действий
• Панель библиотеки
• Панель проекта

Лента:

Он состоит из следующих четырех вкладок:

1. Начало – It helps you create a new project or open a previously created task. By default, all projects are created in C:\Users\Username\Documents\UiPath.

2. Дизайн – It offers all the options to create or launch sequences and flowcharts, access wizards, and manage variables.

3. казнить – It helps in running or stopping any project. Before starting the debug process, it can slow down steps and open logs.

4. Настроить – Used to publish a project or create a shortcut for it, schedule tasks, and install extensions.

Универсальная панель поиска:

The Universal Search bar allows the user to search for anything contained in the libraries, activities, project, and Designer panels.

Панель действий: The Activities panel allows quick access to all available activities that can be dragged into the current project.

Панель библиотеки: The Library panel allows you to reuse automation. A search box is also provided to find items faster.

Панель проекта: The Project panel allows you to view the contents of the current project and open the file location in Windows Проводник.

Пример сценария с использованием UiPath

Following are the steps to create a sample RPA UiPath script. The recorder is the fastest route to a first working robot, because it writes the activity sequence for you.

Шаг 1) Click on the “Blank” icon, boxed in the image below:

Шаг 2) На следующем экране

1. Enter the name of the project.
2. Нажмите кнопку "Создать".

Шаг 3) На следующем экране

1. Щелкните Запись.
2. Select “Basic”.

Шаг 4) This opens a small window with an icon to record, as shown below. Click on the Record button.

Шаг 5) Once this icon is clicked, you will see the cursor turn into a hand icon, and the screen highlights each element as you move over it, as shown below.

Шаг 6) Выполняйте вручную задачи, которые вы хотите автоматизировать. UiPath will automatically create the sequence of your mouse and keyboard actions.

Once recording is done, click Save and Exit.

Шаг 7) You will see the sequence of recorded steps as shown below.

Шаг 8) Затем нажмите на значок запуска. UiPath will replay the recorded actions.

This is a basic way to create small automation robots. UiPath has many advanced features for building more complex robots, including selectors, data tables, and exception handling.

UiPath Против. Другие инструменты автоматизации

Many automation tools already exist in the market, such as Selenium and similar browser-driven frameworks. These tools generally perform well on web automation, but they struggle when you try to automate desktop applications or remote sessions.

Области, где Инструменты RPA , такие как UiPath go beyond that existing technology are:

• Desktop automation
• Remote applications and virtual desktops
• Методы обработки данных
• Скраping снижения вреда
• The methodology of writing the logic, which is visual rather than code first

The distinction that matters is purpose. Selenium is a testing framework that drives a browser, whereas an RPA platform is a business process tool that drives whatever the user can see.

UiPath vs Automation Anywhere vs Blue Prism

Three platforms dominate enterprise RPA shortlists. The table below sets them side by side on the factors that usually decide a selection.

Параметр	UiPath	Automation Anywhere	Blue Prism
Дизайнерский подход	Visual drag and drop, low code	Web based designer, low code	Object and process studio, more structured
Автоматизация с участием персонала	Strong, a core use case	сильный	Limited, unattended by design
Кривая обучения	Gentlest for beginners	Средняя	Steepest, developer oriented
Свободное издание	Сообщество	Сообщество	Только пробная версия
блокфлейта	Yes, multiple recorder types	Да	No recorder, objects are modelled
Типичная сила	Speed of building a first robot	Cloud native deployment	Управление и возможность аудита

Преимущества и недостатки UiPath

Weighing both sides prevents the common outcome of a pilot that works and a rollout that stalls.

Преимущества

• A first automation can be built without writing code, so business analysts can contribute directly.
• Works against any interface the user can see, including legacy systems with no API.
• Orchestrator gives central scheduling, credential storage, and audit logs.
• A large activity library and an active community reduce the time spent solving common problems.

Недостатки

• Selectors are brittle. An interface change in the target application can break a working robot.
• Licensing costs rise quickly once unattended robots move into production.
• Automating a badly designed process simply makes a poor process run faster, so process review must come first.
• Robots need maintenance, which means an ongoing support commitment rather than a one-off project.

To go further, compare this with the Automation Anywhere учебник и Blue Prism учебник, read the wider RPA introduction, and prepare for interviews with the UiPath вопросы интервью. For the testing side of automation, see автоматизация тестирования.

Часто задаваемые вопросы (FAQ)