SAP BW-egenskaper og nøkkeltall

What Are Characteristics and Key Figures in SAP Svart-hvitt?

In SAP BW, a query is built from characteristics and key figures. Kjennetegn describe the business dimensions of the data, such as customer, product, or fiscal period. Nøkkeltall hold the measurable values, such as revenue, quantity, or cost.

The settings below control how characteristics and key figures are displayed and calculated, and how formulas, calculated key figures, and restricted key figures refine the results.

Egenskapsinnstillinger – Visningsnavn

Som standard, når en egenskap legges til spørringen, viser den beskrivelsen spesifisert i SAP BW. It is possible to replace this with customized text as follows:

1. Klikk på Egenskaper.
2. Velg kategorien Generelt.
3. Angi Description.

Egenskapsinnstillinger – Skjermegenskaper

1. Velg fanen Vis i egenskapsvinduet for den valgte karakteristikken.
2. The “Display as” option is used to display either only the Key, only the Text, or both Key and Text.
3. If a characteristic has two or more of Short / Medium / Long Text populated, “Text View” is used to display the corresponding text.
4. It is possible to sort data ascending or descending either by the characteristic or any of its attributes.
5. The “Result Rows” option is used to show or hide the sub-total for the underlying characteristic.

Egenskapsinnstillinger – Vis poster

The display option is used to define what data is viewed by the user during data selection (in filters) and after report execution.

1. Velg kategorien Avansert i egenskapsvinduet for den valgte egenskapen.
2. Tilgangstype for resultatverdier. Velg en av disse verdiene.

• “Posted values” shows only records that have some transactions associated with them.
• “Master Data” displays all master data records irrespective of whether a transaction exists for them. It is ineffective if used with zero suppression.

3. Valg av filterverdi. Velg en av disse verdiene.

• Only Posted Values for Navigation: the system displays only posted values from the current navigational state.
• Only Values in InfoProvider: the system displays only values contained in the InfoProvider.
• Values in Master Data Table: faster, but may result in zero records matching the selection criteria.

Innstillinger for nøkkeltall – Visningsnavn

Som standard, når et nøkkeltall legges til søket, viser det beskrivelsen spesifisert i SAP BW. It is possible to replace this with customized text as follows:

1. Klikk på Egenskaper.
2. Velg kategorien Generelt.
3. Angi Description.

Innstillinger for nøkkeltall – Skjermegenskaper

1. Velg fanen Vis i egenskapsvinduet til det valgte nøkkelfiguren.
2. Gjemme seg:

• The options “Always Show” and “Always Hide” are self-explanatory.
• “Hide (Can be Shown)” keeps a key figure hidden in the default output, but the user can later display it using filters.

3. Number of Decimal places can be used to restrict the decimals displayed in the report.
4. Scaling factor is used to show data in thousands, hundreds, and so on.
5. The sign of key figures can be reversed if required. For example, Sales Quantity is a negative movement from the inventory perspective but positive from the sales perspective.

Innstillinger for nøkkeltall – valuta- eller enhetsomregning

BW does not allow cumulating amounts in different units, for example one rupee to one dollar or one kilogram to one yard. When data exists in multiple currencies or units, all records must be converted to a single currency or unit using Currency Translation or Unit Conversion. The translation can be dynamic (using a selection screen variable) or static (with the target currency or unit hardcoded). The advantage of doing this in SAP BW er at den direkte importerer konverteringsfaktorene som er tilgjengelige i SAP ERP.

1. Velg fanen Konverteringer.
2. For valutaomregning kan dette alternativet brukes.
3. For enhetskonvertering kan dette alternativet brukes.

Nøkkeltallinnstillinger – Aggregering

Spørringsdesigner gives the flexibility of calculating aggregates such as average, summation, and minimum. Similar calculations can also be performed on row-level data.

1. Velg kategorien Beregninger.
2. Select from the different options available under the drop-down of “Calculate Results As”.

Nøkkeltall – Lokal formel

BW allows the use of formulas on data coming from the InfoProvider to provide calculated values to the user, for example subtracKostnad fra Revenue to calculate Profit.

Steps to Create a Formula

Trinn 1)

1. Right click on the structure “Key Figure”.
2. Click on “New Formula”.

Trinn 2) Click on the edit button of the properties box to create or edit a local formula.

Trinn 3) Noen av de vanlige operatørene som brukes i BW inkluderer:

• Addisjon, Subtraction, Multiplication, and Division.
• NODIM displays key figures without their corresponding unit.
• NOERR displays zero instead of an error message, for example zero instead of a division-by-zero error.
• %GT shows the value of a key figure as a percentage of the total value.

1. In the “Detail View” box, enter the formula.
2. Bruk operatørene fra "Operators” boks.

Nøkkeltall – Beregnet nøkkeltall

If the same calculation is required for multiple reports, it can be mapped to the InfoProvider instead of being created individually in each query. Such a key figure is called a “Calculated Key Figure” or CKF.

Once defined, it can be dragged into a query like any other key figure. The biggest advantage of this approach is that it enables global definitions of common calculated KPIs.

Trinn for å lage et beregnet nøkkeltall:

1. Navigate to the InfoProvider section.
2. Right click on the Key Figures folder.
3. Velg alternativet "Nytt beregnet nøkkeltall".

Nøkkeltall – Begrenset nøkkeltall

Restricted Key Figures (RKF) can be used to selectively apply filters to a specific KPI in the report, but not to the entire report, for example splitting sales into columns such as YTD (Year To Date) Sales and PYTD (Previous Year To Date) Sales.

Trinn 1)

1. Navigate to the InfoProvider section.
2. Right click on the Key Figures folder.
3. Velg alternativet "Nytt begrenset nøkkeltall".

Trinn 2) Click on the edit button of the properties box to create or edit an RKF.

Trinn 3) I det påfølgende skjermbildet må minst ett nøkkeltall og en karakteristikk legges inn for å lage en meningsfull RKF.

1. The key figure which is to be restricted.
2. The characteristic may be restricted by a selection screen variable to make it a “Dynamic” RKF.
3. It may also be restricted by a constant, for example year = 2008. In the screenshot, version is restricted with the constant value “1”.

I likhet med CKF er RKF-er også globale for InfoProvider og kan gjenbrukes i flere spørringer med samme InfoProvider.

Spørsmål og svar